Euthanasia and physician-assisted death remain deeply debated ethical issues shaped by history, law, and cultural values. This narrative review explores how diverse ethical frameworks, shifting global legislation, and cultural perspectives inform current discourse, with special attention to the role of nurses guided by the American Nurses Association (ANA) Code of Ethics. Drawing on peer-reviewed studies, legal documents, and recent case analyses published between 2013 and 2025, the review identifies three key insights. Ethical frameworks influence whether society accepts or opposes euthanasia; robust legal safeguards are needed to protect autonomy and prevent misuse; and palliative care and advance care planning, including tools like Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment (POLST), can reduce suffering and lessen requests for euthanasia or physician-assisted death. As laws evolve, nurses must balance compassion and professional duty, respecting patient choices while upholding the value of life. Thoughtful reflection and careful policy development remain essential to protect dignity at the end of life.