An analysis of the musical form of Beethoven’s Piano Sonata no. 31, Op. 110 includes a brief overview of the historical significance of Beethoven as an innovator in formal design and musical texture. The analysis reveals specific indicators and examples of his deviations from traditional forms, which more obviously occur in movements one and three. An in-depth harmonic and motivic study of the third movement fugue and its placement within the last movement exposes further aspects of Beethoven’s progressive compositional creativity.