Replacement theology “is the view that the church is the new or true Israel that has permanently replaced or superseded Israel as the people of God.”1 Another term, often found in academic circles, for replacement theology is supersessionism. Replacement theology has been the fuel that has energized Medieval anti-Semitism, Eastern European pogroms, the Holocaust and contemporary disdain for the modern state of Israel. Mike Vlach notes: “The acceptance or rejection of supersessionism may also influence how one views the modern state of Israel and events in the Middle East.”2 Wherever replacement theology has flourished, the Jews have had to run for cover.